{"id":4183,"date":"2026-04-17T17:48:53","date_gmt":"2026-04-17T09:48:53","guid":{"rendered":"\/econ\/?post_type=tkuisotope&#038;p=4183"},"modified":"2026-04-23T10:52:01","modified_gmt":"2026-04-23T02:52:01","slug":"%e8%8b%b1%e5%9c%8b%e7%be%85%e7%a6%8f%e5%a0%a1%e5%a4%a7%e5%ad%b8%e7%b6%93%e6%bf%9f%e7%b3%bb%e4%b8%bb%e4%bb%bbm-ali-choudhary%e6%bc%94%e8%ac%9b","status":"publish","type":"tkuisotope","link":"\/econ\/?tkuisotope=%e8%8b%b1%e5%9c%8b%e7%be%85%e7%a6%8f%e5%a0%a1%e5%a4%a7%e5%ad%b8%e7%b6%93%e6%bf%9f%e7%b3%bb%e4%b8%bb%e4%bb%bbm-ali-choudhary%e6%bc%94%e8%ac%9b","title":{"rendered":"\u82f1\u570b\u7f85\u798f\u5821\u5927\u5b78\u7d93\u6fdf\u7cfb\u4e3b\u4efbM. Ali Choudhary\u6f14\u8b1b"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"d-flex flex-row\" style=\"background-color: none;border-top:1px solid none;border-bottom:1px solid #333333;\">\n<div class=\"fs-6 fw-bold px-1 pt-2\"><i class=\"fa fa-home\"><\/i><a href=\"\/econ\/\" style=\"text-decoration:none\">\u9996\u9801<\/a><\/div>\n<div class=\"fs-6 fw-bold px-1 pt-2 text-black-50\">\/<\/div>\n<div class=\"fs-6 fw-bold px-1 pt-2\"><a href=\"\/econ\/?page_id=688\" style=\"text-decoration:none\">\u6d3b\u52d5\u526a\u5f71<\/a><\/div>\n<div class=\"fs-6 fw-bold px-1 pt-2 text-black-50\">\/<\/div>\n<div class=\"fs-6 fw-bold px-1 pt-2\">\u5b78\u8853<\/div>\n<div style=\"width:0; height:0;margin-top:15px; border-left:8px solid #49adf6; border-top:8px solid transparent;border-bottom:10px solid transparent;\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-tkuwpbs5-bs5-container container\" style=\"position:relative\" block_id=\"lyxpg0ejwusjsd5qxv\"><style><\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-tkuwpbs5-bs5-row row\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-tkuwpbs5-bs5-column col-md-12 align-self-start\">\n<div style=\"height:5vh\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6642\u9593\uff1a115\u5e744\u670816\u65e5(\u56db) 14:10~15:00<br>\u5730\u9ede\uff1aHC307<br>\u4e3b\u8b1b\u8005\uff1a\u82f1\u570b\u7f85\u798f\u5821\u5927\u5b78\u5546\u5b78\u9662\u7d93\u6fdf\u7cfb\u4e3b\u4efb Professor M. Ali Choudhary<br>\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000Professor of Economics and Public Policy<br>\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000Head of Economics academic group<br>\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000Loughborough Business School<br>\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000Loughborough University<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e3b\u984c\uff1aManagement and Conflict<br>Abstract:<br>This paper examines the direct effect of terrorism on the quality of management practices. We exploit variation generated by Zakat, a pro-poor Islamic levy in Pakistan, which creates exogenous differences across regions in the funding of terrorist activity through the religious composition of areas where the levy applies. We find that firms located in regions experiencing the largest increases in capital-intensive terrorist activity between 2005 and 2015 also exhibit the greatest deterioration in management practices, as well as in their financial performance. These findings suggest a previously unexplored channel through which conflict undermines economic performance.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<script>\n    document.addEventListener(\"DOMContentLoaded\",function () {\n        \/\/ init Isotope\n        var projects = $('#lyxph0vpgjwsu6fvn .projects').isotope({\n            itemSelector: '#lyxph0vpgjwsu6fvn .project',\n            layoutMode: 'fitRows',\n            filter: '.initial-filter-lyxph0vpgjwsu6fvn-1'   \/\/ \u521d\u59cb\u904e\u6ffe\u689d\u4ef6\uff0c\u53ea\u986f\u793a\u6709 'initial-filter' \u985e\u7684\u9805\u76ee\n        });\n\n        $('#lyxph0vpgjwsu6fvn .filter-btn').click(function () {\n            var data_filter = $(this).attr(\"data-filter\");\n            projects.isotope({\n                filter: data_filter\n            });\n\n            \/\/ filter-btn2 \u985e\u5225\u52a0active\n            $('#lyxph0vpgjwsu6fvn .filter-btn').removeClass(\"active shadow\");\n            $(this).addClass(\"active\");\n\n            \/\/ filter-btn3 \u7b2c\u4e00\u500b\u9801\u78bc\u52a0active\n           $('#lyxph0vpgjwsu6fvn .filter-btn3').removeClass(\"active shadow\");\n           $('#lyxph0vpgjwsu6fvn .filter-btn3[data-filter=\"' + data_filter + '\"]').addClass(\"active\"); 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Ali Choudhary\">\n        <div class=\"tku_bs5_isotope_section card mb-5 mx-sm-0\" style=\"object-fit: cover;height:250px;\">\n        <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"img-responsive\"  src=\"\/econ\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/DSC02102.jpg\" alt=\"\u7f85\u798f\u5821\u5927\u5b78\u7d93\u6fdf\u7cfb\u4e3b\u4efb\u6f14\u8b1b-\u7cfb\u4e3b\u4efb M. Ali Choudhary\">\n        <div style=\"overflow:hidden\">\n        <div class=\"nak-gallery-poster\" style=\"background-image:url(\/econ\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/DSC02102.jpg);background-size:cover;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-position:center center;display: block;\">\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div><div class=\"notes\">\u7f85\u798f\u5821\u5927\u5b78\u7d93\u6fdf\u7cfb\u4e3b\u4efb\u6f14\u8b1b-\u7cfb\u4e3b\u4efb M. Ali Choudhary<\/div><\/a><a href=\"\/econ\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/IMG_20260416_141554-scaled.jpg\" class=\"no-underline col-sm-6 col-lg-4 col-xl-3 revGallery-anchor project  initial-filter-lyxph0vpgjwsu6fvn-1 lyxph0vpgjwsu6fvn-2026\u7f85\u798f\u5821\u7d93\u6fdf\u7cfb\u4e3b\u4efb\u6f14\u8b1b-1\" title=\"\u7f85\u798f\u5821\u5927\u5b78\u7d93\u6fdf\u7cfb\u4e3b\u4efb\u6f14\u8b1b-\u958b\u5834\u4ecb\u7d39\">\n        <div class=\"tku_bs5_isotope_section card mb-5 mx-sm-0\" style=\"object-fit: cover;height:250px;\">\n        <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"img-responsive\"  src=\"\/econ\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/IMG_20260416_141554-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"\u7f85\u798f\u5821\u5927\u5b78\u7d93\u6fdf\u7cfb\u4e3b\u4efb\u6f14\u8b1b-\u958b\u5834\u4ecb\u7d39\">\n        <div style=\"overflow:hidden\">\n        <div class=\"nak-gallery-poster\" style=\"background-image:url(\/econ\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/IMG_20260416_141554-scaled.jpg);background-size:cover;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-position:center center;display: block;\">\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div><div class=\"notes\">\u7f85\u798f\u5821\u5927\u5b78\u7d93\u6fdf\u7cfb\u4e3b\u4efb\u6f14\u8b1b-\u958b\u5834\u4ecb\u7d39<\/div><\/a><a href=\"\/econ\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/IMG_20260416_141942-scaled.jpg\" class=\"no-underline col-sm-6 col-lg-4 col-xl-3 revGallery-anchor project  initial-filter-lyxph0vpgjwsu6fvn-1 lyxph0vpgjwsu6fvn-2026\u7f85\u798f\u5821\u7d93\u6fdf\u7cfb\u4e3b\u4efb\u6f14\u8b1b-1\" title=\"\u7f85\u798f\u5821\u5927\u5b78\u7d93\u6fdf\u7cfb\u4e3b\u4efb\u6f14\u8b1b-\u5168\u82f1\u8a9e\u9032\u884c\">\n        <div class=\"tku_bs5_isotope_section card mb-5 mx-sm-0\" style=\"object-fit: cover;height:250px;\">\n        <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"img-responsive\"  src=\"\/econ\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/IMG_20260416_141942-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"\u7f85\u798f\u5821\u5927\u5b78\u7d93\u6fdf\u7cfb\u4e3b\u4efb\u6f14\u8b1b-\u5168\u82f1\u8a9e\u9032\u884c\">\n        <div style=\"overflow:hidden\">\n        <div class=\"nak-gallery-poster\" style=\"background-image:url(\/econ\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/IMG_20260416_141942-scaled.jpg);background-size:cover;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-position:center center;display: block;\">\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div><div class=\"notes\">\u7f85\u798f\u5821\u5927\u5b78\u7d93\u6fdf\u7cfb\u4e3b\u4efb\u6f14\u8b1b-\u5168\u82f1\u8a9e\u9032\u884c<\/div><\/a><a href=\"\/econ\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/IMG_20260416_150341-scaled.jpg\" class=\"no-underline col-sm-6 col-lg-4 col-xl-3 revGallery-anchor project  initial-filter-lyxph0vpgjwsu6fvn-1 lyxph0vpgjwsu6fvn-2026\u7f85\u798f\u5821\u7d93\u6fdf\u7cfb\u4e3b\u4efb\u6f14\u8b1b-1\" title=\"\u7f85\u798f\u5821\u5927\u5b78\u7d93\u6fdf\u7cfb\u4e3b\u4efb\u6f14\u8b1b-\u5b78\u751f\u767c\u554f\">\n        <div class=\"tku_bs5_isotope_section card mb-5 mx-sm-0\" style=\"object-fit: cover;height:250px;\">\n        <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"img-responsive\"  src=\"\/econ\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/IMG_20260416_150341-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"\u7f85\u798f\u5821\u5927\u5b78\u7d93\u6fdf\u7cfb\u4e3b\u4efb\u6f14\u8b1b-\u5b78\u751f\u767c\u554f\">\n        <div style=\"overflow:hidden\">\n        <div class=\"nak-gallery-poster\" style=\"background-image:url(\/econ\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/IMG_20260416_150341-scaled.jpg);background-size:cover;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-position:center center;display: block;\">\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div><div class=\"notes\">\u7f85\u798f\u5821\u5927\u5b78\u7d93\u6fdf\u7cfb\u4e3b\u4efb\u6f14\u8b1b-\u5b78\u751f\u767c\u554f<\/div><\/a><a href=\"\/econ\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/IMG_20260416_143644-scaled.jpg\" class=\"no-underline col-sm-6 col-lg-4 col-xl-3 revGallery-anchor project  initial-filter-lyxph0vpgjwsu6fvn-1 lyxph0vpgjwsu6fvn-2026\u7f85\u798f\u5821\u7d93\u6fdf\u7cfb\u4e3b\u4efb\u6f14\u8b1b-1\" title=\"\u7f85\u798f\u5821\u5927\u5b78\u7d93\u6fdf\u7cfb\u4e3b\u4efb\u6f14\u8b1b-\u7cfb\u4e3b\u4efb M. Ali Choudhary\">\n        <div class=\"tku_bs5_isotope_section card mb-5 mx-sm-0\" style=\"object-fit: cover;height:250px;\">\n        <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"img-responsive\"  src=\"\/econ\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/IMG_20260416_143644-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"\u7f85\u798f\u5821\u5927\u5b78\u7d93\u6fdf\u7cfb\u4e3b\u4efb\u6f14\u8b1b-\u7cfb\u4e3b\u4efb M. Ali Choudhary\">\n        <div style=\"overflow:hidden\">\n        <div class=\"nak-gallery-poster\" style=\"background-image:url(\/econ\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/IMG_20260416_143644-scaled.jpg);background-size:cover;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-position:center center;display: block;\">\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div><div class=\"notes\">\u7f85\u798f\u5821\u5927\u5b78\u7d93\u6fdf\u7cfb\u4e3b\u4efb\u6f14\u8b1b-\u7cfb\u4e3b\u4efb M. Ali Choudhary<\/div><\/a><\/div><\/section>","protected":false},"author":8,"template":"wp-custom-template-detail-4-page","meta":{"_uag_custom_page_level_css":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[],"acf":[],"uagb_featured_image_src":[],"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"\u9ec3\u6021\u9234","author_link":"\/econ\/?author=8"},"uagb_comment_info":0,"uagb_excerpt":"\u9996\u9801 \/ \u6d3b\u52d5\u526a\u5f71 \/ \u5b78\u8853","_links":{"self":[{"href":"\/econ\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/tkuisotope\/4183"}],"collection":[{"href":"\/econ\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/tkuisotope"}],"about":[{"href":"\/econ\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/tkuisotope"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"\/econ\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/8"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"\/econ\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=4183"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"\/econ\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=4183"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"\/econ\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=4183"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}